January 2007 (Ianuarius MMDCCLX a.u.c.)  
P. Memmio Albucio praeside
CONTENTS

Epistola praesidis

Events

A Web site in relation to Ancient Rome

A Roman museum

A Roman civil institution

History: the gallic wars (1)

Religion: the divination (1)

A literary creation in Rumanian language

Ancien text: 'satire' by Iuvenal

Today's text: "The sacrilege"

Gallo-Roman etymology: the 'raeda'

Quirites association news

Nova-Roma Gallia Province news

Nova Roma international news

Quirinus, what it is ?

 

 

See our archives


Contact us

The Beatles, the wagon and the knight


Salvete Omnes,

"She’s got a ticket to ride" The Beatles sang, but we are far from ancient Rome, wouldn't you say?

Don't be so sure! The English verb "to ride" first meant "to travel on a horse." In the last century, the word expanded to include movement on a bike, in a car or even a surf board.

The English verb, along with the German verb "reiten", both come from the same celtic and germanic root "reidh-" that precisely designated the action of movement, on a horse or in a wagon, and by extension just general travel.

In the Middle Ages, the verb applied to knights ("reiter"), and this "reiter" entered Renaissance France under the form "reître", which soon designated a brutish soldier.

Distinguished travelers, Celts crossed Europe many times from the Bronze age through Rome's expansion beyond the Alps. As Germanic peoples, they traveled in masses. The whole people would move, men on horseback or on foot and elders, women and children in wagons, whose most known ones were called «re(i)da ».

This "re(i)da" was adopted by latin, possibly from the Celts who had settled in Italia. We find this word in latin litterature and famous Caesar's "The Gallic Wars." .


The general writes specifically:

« Tum demum necessario Germani suas copias castris eduxerunt (..), omnemque aciem suam raedis et carris circumdederunt, ne qua spes in fuga relinqueretur. »(1,51)

("Then at last out of necessity the Germans drew their forces out of camp, (..) and surrounded their whole army with their chariots and wagons, that no hope might be left in flight").

Gaul reda, then roman raedae, were four wheeled wagons. It thus seems that the "carri" spoken of by Caesar were just two wheeled wagons, like the cisia (sing. cisium).
The roman "carpenti" were covered, and the benna are considered the closest ancestors
of the French "bennes" while the plaustrum was a kind of tank-wagon.

Raeda’s cousin, the latin veredus, a mail or travel horse, comes also from Gaulish (uoredos).

Rome just added a greek prefix (para), and the low-empire paraveredus
was born. It was then successfully passed to the French as the medieval palefroi and
the Germans as the pferd that is still in use today!

Publius Memmius Albucius

© Quirites 2007
   

Fanum

Previous Page |Next Page